This page provides a comprehensive guide on determining the correct load capacity for Polyurethane (Vulkollan®) wheels to ensure safe and efficient operation.
Calculating Load Capacity for Polyurethane (Vulkollan®) Wheels
When selecting wheels with Polyurethane (Vulkollan®) tyres for your equipment, it's crucial to determine the appropriate load capacity to ensure safety, performance, and longevity. This guide provides a comprehensive approach to calculating the required load capacity, considering various operational factors.
Understanding Load Capacity
The maximum load capacity specified for each polyurethane-tyred wheel represents the highest load the wheel can support under specific conditions. These conditions typically include:
- Intermittent use: Maximum of 1 hour of operation followed by at least 1 hour of rest.
- Free-wheeling (non-driven) applications.
- Operation on flat, smooth surfaces such as steel or polished concrete.
- Ambient temperatures between -20°C and +45°C.
- No exposure to chemicals that could degrade polyurethane.
- Speeds not exceeding 6 km/h.
- No steering or axial loads applied to the wheel.
Deviations from these ideal conditions necessitate adjustments to the load capacity using specific load factors.
Adjusting for Operational Conditions
For more demanding conditions, apply the following load factors to the maximum load capacity:
| Condition | Load Factor |
|---|---|
| Continuous operation | 0.75 |
| Surface speed between 6–10 km/h | 0.80 |
| Surface speed between 10–16 km/h | 0.70 |
| Vulkollan® driving wheels | 0.70 |
For operations involving speeds exceeding 16 km/h, ambient temperatures above 45°C or below -20°C, high humidity, or curved running surfaces (e.g., supporting rotating drums), it's essential to consult with the manufacturer or a specialist to determine the allowable load. In such cases, multiple load factors may apply and should be multiplied together to obtain the adjusted load capacity.
Calculating the Required Load Capacity
To determine the necessary load capacity per wheel, consider the following formula:
T = (E + Z) / n × S
Where:
- T = Required load capacity per wheel or caster
- E = Dead weight of the transport equipment
- Z = Maximum additional load (payload)
- n = Number of supporting wheels or casters
- S = Safety factor (accounts for uneven load distribution, dynamic forces, etc.)
The safety factor (S) compensates for deviations from standard conditions, such as uneven surfaces, higher speeds, or dynamic impacts. Recommended safety factors vary based on application specifics and can range from 1.0 to 3.0. For detailed guidance on selecting an appropriate safety factor, refer to industry standards or consult with the wheel manufacturer.
Practical Example
Consider a scenario where a Vulkollan® wheel with a maximum load capacity of 1,000 kg is used in a continuous driving application at a speed of 8 km/h. The adjusted load capacity is calculated as follows:
Adjusted Load Capacity = 1,000 kg × 0.75 (continuous operation) × 0.80 (speed factor) × 0.70 (driving application) = 420 kg
In this example, each wheel should not be subjected to a load exceeding 420 kg under the specified conditions.
Additional Considerations
When selecting wheels, also take into account:
- Environmental Factors: Exposure to chemicals, extreme temperatures, or moisture can affect wheel performance. Ensure the chosen wheel material is compatible with the operating environment.
- Surface Conditions: Rough or uneven surfaces may require wheels with higher load capacities or specialized treads to ensure durability and performance.
- Maintenance: Regular inspection and maintenance can prolong wheel life and prevent unexpected failures.
By carefully evaluating these factors and applying the appropriate calculations, you can select Polyurethane (Vulkollan®) wheels that will provide reliable and efficient performance tailored to your specific application needs.